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Expanding Access to Finance : Good Practices and Policies for Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises
Fonte: Washington, DC : World Bank
Publicador: Washington, DC : World Bank
Português
Relevância na Pesquisa
66.09%
#ACCESS TO CREDIT#ACCESS TO FINANCE#ACCESS TO FINANCIAL SERVICES#ACCESSIBLE LOANS#ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE#ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS#AFFORDABLE FINANCING#AGRICULTURAL BANK#AGRICULTURAL COOPERATIVE#AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT BANK#ARREARS
This book on micro, small, and medium
enterprise (MSME) finance is intended primarily for
government policy makers. It presents a policy framework
whereby governments can support increased access by MSME to
financial services based on empirical evidence and
practices. MSME complain that lack of access to finance
constrains their growth and competitiveness. Indeed,
financial sector policies often work against the ability of
commercial financial institutions to serve MSME, albeit
often unintentionally. In many countries, lack of
competition in the banking sector limits pressure on banks
to reach out to MSME client segments. High risk and high
transaction costs-real or perceived-associated with bank
lending to MSME likewise constrain access. Often,
supervisory and capital adequacy requirements penalize banks
for lending to enterprises that lack traditional collateral.
Attempts by governments to address these constraints and
offset the inequalities in financial sector policy generally
have not achieved the desired results. This book lays out a
market-based policy framework for governments that focuses
on delivery of financial services to MSME on commercial
terms. The framework guides governments in focusing scarce
resources on developing an inclusive financial sector
policy; building sound financial institutions; and investing
in a supportive information infrastructure...
Link permanente para citações:
Increasing Access to Rural Finance in Bangladesh : The Forgotten "Missing Middle"
Fonte: Washington, DC: World Bank
Publicador: Washington, DC: World Bank
Português
Relevância na Pesquisa
66.18%
#ACCESS INDICATORS#ACCESS TO CREDIT#ACCESS TO FINANCE#ACCESS TO FINANCIAL SERVICES#ACCESS TO FORMAL CREDIT#ACCESS TO INSURANCE#ACCESS TO RURAL FINANCE#ACCOUNTING#ACCOUNTING STANDARDS#AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES#AGRICULTURAL CREDIT
Increasing access to rural finance is
often the last frontier for financial sector development in
developing countries. Financial institutions aiming to
operate in rural areas in these countries usually have to
deal with high transaction costs, low population densities,
remote areas, and a heavy focus on agriculture, with related
weather and commodity risks. Although Bangladesh is highly
vulnerable to natural disasters, its high population density
lowers transaction costs considerably. This report seeks to:
measure the quantity and quality of access to finance by
rural micro, small, and medium-size enterprises (MSMEs) and
marginal, small, and medium-size farmesr (MSMFs). In
Bangladesh these are also referred to as the missing middle
-- a segment not served by banks or microfinance
institutions (MFIs). The report also identifies constraints
that financial institutions face in serving MSMEs and MSMFs.
The institutions analyzed in detail include, Bangladesh
Krishi Bank (BKB), Rajshahi Krishi Unnayan Bank (RAKUB),
MFIs...
Link permanente para citações:
Timor Leste : Access to Finance for Investment and Working Capital
Fonte: World Bank, Washington, DC
Publicador: World Bank, Washington, DC
Português
Relevância na Pesquisa
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#ACCEPTABLE COLLATERAL#ACCESS TO FINANCE#ACCESS TO FINANCIAL SERVICES#ACCOUNTING#ADB#AFFILIATES#ARREARS#AUDITING#AVAILABILITY OF CREDIT#BALANCE SHEETS#BANK CHARGES
This study argues the need for a policy
environment supporting both urban informal sector dynamism
and rapid transition from subsistence to monetization in
agriculture. Such policies must include measures
facilitating access to financial services for households,
which are the backbone of the informal and subsistence
economies. The economy of Timor-Leste is divided between a
farm sector in which as many of 80 percent of workers
remain, with most of these still dependent on subsistence
production, and a non-farm sector in which micro- and small
enterprises are an overwhelming majority. Most urban
enterprises operate in an informal environment, while in
both the farm and non-farm sectors the household is the
basic unit of economic activity.
Link permanente para citações:
Financial Access 2009 : Measuring Access to Financial Services around the World
Fonte: Consultative Group to Assist the Poor/The World Bank, Washington, DC
Publicador: Consultative Group to Assist the Poor/The World Bank, Washington, DC
Português
Relevância na Pesquisa
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#ACCESS POINT#ACCESS POINTS#ACCESS TO CREDIT#ACCESS TO FINANCE#ACCESS TO FINANCIAL SERVICES#ACCESS TO SAVING#ACCESS TO SAVINGS#ACCOUNT HOLDERS#ACCOUNT OWNERSHIP#ACCOUNTING#ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS
Financial Access 2009 introduces the
latest data from a survey of financial regulators in 139
countries. It presents indicators of access to savings,
credit, and payment services in banks, and in regulated
nonbank financial institutions. It is intended for a broad
audience of policymakers, researchers, practitioners,
multilateral and bilateral investors, in order to guide
monetary policy, monitor systemic risks, and collect
information on the values of deposits and credit. This
report reviews three interventions: disclosure requirements,
interest rate caps, and methods to address excessive lending
that can result in consumer indebtedness. Improved
transparency and disclosure allow borrowers to make informed
choices and can facilitate competition in financial markets,
eventually leading to lower prices and improved products.
Policies to restrict interest rates or credit quantity,
especially in consumer credit, seem to have limited effect
but require further analysis.
Link permanente para citações:
Niger - Rural Financial Services : Expanding Financial Access to the Rural Poor
Fonte: Washington, DC
Publicador: Washington, DC
Português
Relevância na Pesquisa
66.1%
#ACCESS TO CREDIT#ACCESS TO FINANCE#ACCESS TO FINANCIAL SERVICES#ACCESS TO FINANCING#ACCESS TO LOANS#ACCESS TO RURAL FINANCE#ACCOUNTING#AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES#AGRICULTURAL BANK#AGRICULTURAL COOPERATIVES#AGRICULTURAL CREDIT
The main objective of this study is to
identify the major impediments to access to financial
services in rural areas, and provide practical
recommendations to address the identified problems. The
study aims to inform on rural finance policies and
innovative instruments by examining both supply and demand
sides including an identification of non-financial issues
that restrict development of the rural financial sector.
Addressing the lack of rural access to financial services in
the Niger development process continues to figure
prominently on the Government agenda without, however, a
systematic action plan and strategy. Adopting ad hoc
solutions (such as the creation of an agricultural
development bank) without addressing the structural issues
that limit access to financial services will, unfortunately,
not yield any positive long lasting results.
Link permanente para citações:
Brazil : Access to Financial Services
Fonte: Washington, DC
Publicador: Washington, DC
Português
Relevância na Pesquisa
66.09%
#FINANCIAL SERVICES#ACCESS TO CREDIT#FINANCIAL POLICY#POLICY REFORM#MACROECONOMIC POLICY#FINANCIAL SECTOR REFORM#REGULATORY REFORM#TARGET GROUPS#FINANCIAL INTERMEDIATION#FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS#BANKING SYSTEMS
This study seeks to evaluate present
levels of access to financial services, and government
policies adopted which impact upon access. Based on these
findings, it explores options for increased future access to
financial services in Brazil. The first section highlights
the core conclusions to emerge from the study, which would
have implications for government policy. The second section
provides a guide to the thematic scope, and content of the
study, and the third section describes the findings,
conclusions, and recommendations of each section. The
overarching message to emerge from this study is that
increased financial access would be promoted, by sound
overall macroeconomic, and financial sector policy. Beyond
that, the Government could, and should undertake regulatory
reforms to enable financial markets to function more
smoothly, and undertake targeted policies to improve access.
However, care should be taken to ensure that such targeted
policies allow the excluded groups efficient participation
in financial markets. This would direct the focus towards a
review of incentives...
Link permanente para citações:
Financial Sector Assessment Program : Malawi - Access to Financial Services
Fonte: World Bank, Washington, DC
Publicador: World Bank, Washington, DC
Português
Relevância na Pesquisa
66.18%
#ACCESS BARRIERS#ACCESS TO CREDIT#ACCESS TO FINANCE#ACCESS TO FINANCIAL SERVICES#ACCOUNTING#ACCURATE INFORMATION#ADVISORY SERVICES#AFFORDABILITY#AFFORDABLE PRICE#AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS#ANTI-MONEY LAUNDERING
This technical note the Malawi 2007
Financial Sector Assessment Program (FSAP) reviews the
current challenges of increasing access to financial
services in Malawi. After a cursory assessment of the state
of the financial sector in chapter one, it summarizes the
key challenges of rural financial sector development
(chapter two); then discusses the opportunities that
branchless banking technology offers (chapter three), the
options for strengthening the financial infrastructure
(chapter four) and the role of government in increasing
access (chapter five). It concludes with recommendations on
how authorities may seek to realize these opportunities
(chapter six).
Link permanente para citações:
Improving Energy Access to the Urban Poor in Developing Countries
Fonte: World Bank, Washington, DC
Publicador: World Bank, Washington, DC
Português
Relevância na Pesquisa
75.86%
#ACCESS TO ELECTRICITY#ACCESS TO ENERGY#ACCESS TO ENERGY SERVICES#ACCESS TO MICROFINANCE#ACCESS TO MODERN ENERGY#ACCESS TO SERVICES#AFFORDABILITY GAP#AIR POLLUTION#APPROACH#AVAILABILITY#BENIGN ENERGY
The case studies documented in this
report aim to inform the energy access community (including
practitioners, civil society groups, project planners, end
users) about best practices of successful energy access
initiatives targeted at slum dwellers. Eight case studies
focusing on electrification and household energy were
selected from India, Bangladesh, Colombia and Brazil, all
countries that have had varying success in providing access
to modern energy services for slum dwellers. The cases had
to meet all or some of the following criteria: 1) limited to
developing countries; 2) demonstrate innovative methods of
improving energy access, including collaborative stakeholder
engagement; 3) at least one example of small local energy
service providers; 4) contributed to community development
by promoting local skill development and income generation;
and 5) representative of electricity and different sources
of household energy. The case studies describe the existing
conditions in the slum, type of energy service provided...
Link permanente para citações:
Scaling-Up SME Access to Financial Services in the Developing World
Fonte: Washington, DC
Publicador: Washington, DC
Tipo: Trabalho em Andamento
Português
Relevância na Pesquisa
66.11%
#ACCESS INDICATORS#ACCESS TO BANK LOANS#ACCESS TO CAPITAL#ACCESS TO CREDIT#ACCESS TO FINANCE#ACCESS TO FINANCIAL SERVICES#ACCESS TO FINANCING#ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLES#ALTERNATIVE FINANCING#ALTERNATIVE INVESTMENT#ANGEL INVESTORS
Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) play
a major role in economic development, particularly in
emerging countries. Access to finance remains a key
constraint to SME development in emerging economies. Closing
the credit gap for formal SMEs will be less daunting than
for informal SMEs. The SME finance gap is the result of a
mismatch between the needs of the small firms and the supply
of financial services, which typically are easier for larger
firms to access. Deficiencies in the enabling environment
and residual market failures have motivated government
interventions to foster SME access to financing. The
stocktaking exercise confirms the rise in various parts of
the world of specific business models aimed at providing
financial services to SMEs in a cost-effective manner.
Effective SME financing models can be implemented in
different country and market environments, but greater
outreach is achieved in the most developed environments for
the financial sector. Although SME banking and microfinance
models are successfully being rolled out in an increasing
number of countries and regions...
Link permanente para citações:
Access to Finance for Smallholder Farmers
Fonte: Washington, DC
Publicador: Washington, DC
Tipo: Trabalho em Andamento
Português
Relevância na Pesquisa
66.14%
#ACCESS TO FINANCE#ACCESS TO FINANCIAL SERVICES#ACCESS TO FORMAL CREDIT#ACCESS TO MARKETS#ACCESS TO TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE#ACCOUNTING#ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLES#AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES#AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITY#AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES#AGRICULTURAL CREDIT
The percentage of smallholders with
access to finance is equally difficult to quantify.
According to estimates, even promising approaches to
expanding smallholder lending, such as value chain finance,
are reaching fewer than 10 percent of smallholders,
primarily those in well-established value chains dedicated
to higher value cash crops. International Finance
Corporation (IFC) has been engaged for several years in
learning efforts through diverse partnerships to obtain
insights into the challenges of agricultural finance. The
evidence of microfinance institution (MFI) involvement in
financing commercial and semi-commercial smallholders
remains anecdotal and lacks specifics on what makes MFI
lending to these segments feasible, and what restricts their
reach and effectiveness. This IFC study aims to identify and
disseminate lessons emerging from the work of MFIs that have
implemented agricultural operations targeting agricultural
smallholders in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) to
support replication and expansion of scalable approaches.
Through this research...
Link permanente para citações:
Kyrgyz Republic : Access to Financial Services Policy Note
Fonte: World Bank, Washington, DC
Publicador: World Bank, Washington, DC
Tipo: Economic & Sector Work :: Policy Note; Economic & Sector Work
Português
Relevância na Pesquisa
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#ACCESS TO CREDIT#ACCESS TO FINANCE#ACCESS TO FINANCIAL SERVICES#ACCESS TO FINANCING#ACCESS TO INFORMATION#ACCESS TO RESOURCES#ACCOUNTING#ACCOUNTING PRACTICES#ACCOUNTING STANDARDS#ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE#ADB
The purpose of this paper is to report
on the level of access to formal financial services in the
Kyrgyz Republic, assess the key obstacles to improving
access, and make recommendations to overcome these
obstacles. The paper is organized as follows. Sections II to
IV examine the supply of financial services. Specifically,
section II presents a profile of financial intermediation by
banks, focusing their supply of financial services,
particularly lending and deposits. Section III presents a
profile of lending by Aiyl Bank, a specialized bank with a
limited license, which is mandated to lend for agriculture.
Section IV presents a profile of lending by non-bank
financial institutions (NBFIs), including microfinance
organizations (MFOs) and credit unions. Section V examines
the demand side for financial services, drawing on
enterprise surveys to assess firms' perceptions of
their access to finance. Section VI presents a brief
analysis of the impact of the events of April 2010 on access
to finance. Section VII discusses key obstacles in
increasing access to finance from banks and NBFIs. Section
VIII concludes with policy recommendations that derive from
the preceding analysis.
Link permanente para citações:
Scaling Up Access to Electricity : The Case of Bangladesh
Fonte: World Bank, Washington, DC
Publicador: World Bank, Washington, DC
Tipo: Journal Article; Publications & Research :: Brief; Publications & Research
Português
Relevância na Pesquisa
66.09%
#ACCESS TO ELECTRICITY#ACCESS TO MODERN ENERGY#ADVISORY SERVICES#AFFORDABILITY#AFFORDABLE FINANCING#ALTERNATIVE ENERGY#ALTERNATIVE ENERGY SOURCES#APPLIANCES#APPROACH#AUTOMATION#AVAILABILITY
This knowledge note is the second of
three case studies that concerns scaling up access to
electricity in Africa, Bangladesh, and Rwanda. Since its
inception in 2003, Bangladesh's solar home system
program has installed about three million electrification
systems in rural households, two-thirds of them in the last
three years. The program is the most dynamic off-grid
electrification program in the world, benefitting more than
15 million people and contributing about 130 MW in renewable
energy generation capacity. The case study for Bangladesh is
interesting, because off-grid electrification is crucial to
reaching universal access. Achieving universal access to
modern energy services is one of the three complementary
objectives of the Sustainable Energy for All (SE4ALL)
initiative. Bangladesh's rural electrification program
was initiated in 1977 with the creation of the Rural
Electrification Board (REB). Yet, it was estimated that at
the prevailing pace of grid electrification, Bangladesh was
going to take 50 years to reach universal access. By 2002...
Link permanente para citações:
Egypt : Enhancing Access to Finance for Micro and Small Enterprises
Fonte: World Bank, Washington, DC
Publicador: World Bank, Washington, DC
Tipo: Publications & Research :: Brief; Publications & Research
Português
Relevância na Pesquisa
66.19%
#ACCESS TO CREDIT#ACCESS TO FINANCE#ACCOUNTABILITY#ACCOUNTING#ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS#ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY#AGRICULTURAL CREDIT#ALLOCATION OF FUNDS#APEX INSTITUTIONS#BANK LENDING#BANK LINKAGES
This operation provides a $300m line of
credit (Financial Intermediary Loan) through Egypt's
Social Fund for Development (SFD), the apex body for micro
and small enterprise finance, which would on-lend on
commercial terms to eligible Non Governmental Organizations
(NGOs), potential microfinance institutions (MFIs), and
banks. The project objective is to increase micro and
small enterprise credit sustainably and broaden the outreach
of finance through innovative delivery mechanisms and
financial products. It plans to contribute to a sustainable
improvement in inclusive access to finance for micro and
small enterprises on a commercial basis. The Project went to
the Board in March 2010 and is planned to be completed at
the end of 2015. This note is based on the Project Appraisal
Document (PAD). The project is well underway as of the date
of this note but it is too early for any implementation
lessons to be collected. Overall, lack of access to finance
has been a major factor constraining the growth of micro and
small enterprises (MSEs) in Egypt. Microenterprise lending
in Egypt is supported by a fragmented set of hundreds of
NGOs distinct from the mainstream financial sector. SFD
finances 390 NGOs that are on-lending to microenterprises...
Link permanente para citações:
Are Pakistan's Women Entrepreneurs Being Served by the Microfinance Sector?
Fonte: Washington, DC: World Bank
Publicador: Washington, DC: World Bank
Tipo: Publications & Research :: Publication; Publications & Research
Português
Relevância na Pesquisa
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#access to banking#access to banking services#access to credit#access to finance#access to financial services#access to funds#access to information#access to loans#affordable financial services#ATM cards#bank account
Fostering the entrepreneurship of women is important for Pakistan's economic growth and inclusion agenda, and access to financial services is an important component of starting and growing a business for women entrepreneurs. Most women?owned businesses are small, household?based cottage industries; microfinance products should be a natural source of start?up and working capital finance for this clientele. Microfinance portfolio data suggest that although Pakistan's sector has shown improvement in reaching women, it still lags its regional peers, only 59 percent of microfinance clients are women. The original purpose of this work was to determine whether women entrepreneurs have access to, and are using, microfinance loans as a source of finance for their businesses. However, the findings of the report go beyond the narrow objective of understanding whether microfinance institutions (MFIs) are reaching Pakistan's businesswomen. As the research unfolded, the evidence suggested that not only are women entrepreneurs not being served, but also that the outreach to women in general is potentially more limited than previously assumed and that the issues of consumer protection and responsible lending practices in Pakistan might merit further exploration. The report raises and addresses two distinct issues. First...
Link permanente para citações:
The Role of Postal Networks in Expanding Access to Financial Services : Kazakhstan's Postal Finance Services
Fonte: Washington, DC
Publicador: Washington, DC
Tipo: Economic & Sector Work :: Other Public Sector Study; Economic & Sector Work
Português
Relevância na Pesquisa
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#ACCESS TO FINANCE#ACCESS TO FINANCIAL SERVICES#ACCESS TO INFORMATION#ACCOUNTABILITY#ACCOUNTING#ACCOUNTING STANDARDS#ACCOUNTS FOR INDIVIDUALS#ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE#AUTOMATED TELLER MACHINES#BALANCE SHEET#BALANCE SHEETS
This paper discusses the role of the
postal network in expanding access to financial services in
Kazakhstan. It reviews the public postal operator within the
postal sector and within the broader context of the
communications sector. The roles of the postal network and
state and privately-owned banks are also reviewed from the
perspective of the financial sector development, with
particular focus on payments systems development and
microfinance. While this country case on Kazakhstan can
stand alone, it is an integral part of this large study of
the potential of postal networks to coordinate with
financial service providers in 7 countries (Egypt,
Kazakhstan, Namibia, Romania, Sri Lanka, Uganda, and
Vietnam) and 5 regions (Africa, Asia, Eastern Europe and
Central Asia, Latin America and the Caribbean, and the
Middle East and Northern Africa). Within Central Asia and
the other countries of the former Soviet Union,
Kazakhstan's postal network is widely regarded as a
leader and pioneer in postal innovation, setting an example
for other postal operators in the region. An in-depth
assessment of Kazakhstan's postal network development
options could also be a model to guide other postal networks.
Link permanente para citações:
Vietnam - The Role of Postal Networks in Expanding Access to Financial Services Country case : Vietnam's postal finance services
Fonte: Washington, DC
Publicador: Washington, DC
Tipo: Economic & Sector Work :: Other Public Sector Study; Economic & Sector Work
Português
Relevância na Pesquisa
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#ACCESS TO FINANCE#ACCESS TO FINANCIAL SERVICE#ACCESS TO FINANCIAL SERVICES#ACCESS TO TELEPHONE#ACCOUNT HOLDERS#ACCOUNTING#AMOUNT OF FUNDS#ASSET MANAGEMENT#ATM NETWORKS#BANK BRANCHES#BANK PAYMENT
This paper discusses the role of the
postal network in expanding access to financial services in
Vietnam. It reviews the public postal operator within the
postal sector and within the broader context of the
communications sector. The roles of the Vietnam postal
network and post bank are also reviewed from the perspective
of the financial sector development, with particular focus
on payments systems development and micro finance. While
this country case on Vietnam can stand alone, it is an
integral part of this large study of the potential of postal
networks to coordinate with financial service providers in 7
countries (Egypt, Kazakhstan, Namibia, Romania, Sri Lanka,
Uganda, and Vietnam) and 5 regions (Africa, Asia, Eastern
Europe and Central Asia, Latin America and the Caribbean,
and the Middle East and Northern Africa). Five years after
its introduction, the Vietnamese Postal Savings Corporation
(VPSC) can look back on an impressive record of successes.
With its 920 post offices (of 3,000), VPSC operates the
second-largest financial service network in the country. It
developed as a channel for mobilizing small household
deposits...
Link permanente para citações:
Does Access to Finance Matter in Microenterprise Growth? Evidence from Bangladesh
Fonte: World Bank, Washington, DC
Publicador: World Bank, Washington, DC
Tipo: Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper; Publications & Research
Português
Relevância na Pesquisa
66.14%
#ACCESS TO CAPITAL#ACCESS TO FINANCE#ACCESS TO FINANCIAL SERVICES#ACCESS TO LOANS#ACCOUNTING#ACTUAL COST#AFFILIATED ORGANIZATIONS#AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES#AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITY#AGRICULTURAL BANKS#AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS
In less-developed economies such as
Bangladesh, the farm sector is the major source of
employment and income, while the rural nonfarm sector
provides as an additional source of income. But the rural
nonfarm sector increasingly plays an important role in
fostering the development of the rural economy. A
significant share of this sector is made up of
microenterprise activities, which requires investment and
access to adequate funds. This paper investigates the role
access to finance plays in promoting the efficiency and
growth of microenterprise activities. The findings suggest
that households engaged in microenterprise activities, in
addition to farm and other nonfarm activities, are much
better off (in terms of income, expenditure and poverty)
than those not engaged in such activities. Fewer than 10
percent of the enterprises have access to institutional
finance (formal banks or microcredit), although the rate of
return on microenterprise investments is more than
sufficient (36 percent per year) to repay institutional
loans. The research suggests that credit constraints may
reduce the enterprises' profit margin by as much as
13.6 percent per year. As the returns to microenterprise
investment are found to be high...
Link permanente para citações:
Improving Access to Banking : Evidence from Kenya
Fonte: World Bank, Washington, DC
Publicador: World Bank, Washington, DC
Tipo: Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper; Publications & Research
Português
Relevância na Pesquisa
66.1%
#ACCESS TO BANK#ACCESS TO BANK ACCOUNTS#ACCESS TO BANKING#ACCESS TO BANKING SERVICES#ACCESS TO CREDIT#ACCESS TO FINANCE#ACCESS TO FINANCIAL SERVICES#ACCOUNT OWNERS#ACCOUNT USAGE#ADVANCED ECONOMIES#ASSET OWNERSHIP
Using household surveys and bank
penetration data at the district-level in 2006 and 2009,
this paper examines the impact of Equity Bank -- a leading
private commercial bank focusing on microfinance -- on
access to banking in Kenya. Unlike other commercial banks in
Kenya, Equity Bank pursues distinct branching strategies
that target underserved areas and less-privileged
households. Equity Bank presence has a positive and
significant impact on households' use of bank accounts
and bank credit, especially for Kenyans with low income, no
salaried job, and less education and those who do not own
their own home. The findings are robust to using the
district-level proportion of people speaking a minority
language as an instrument for Equity Bank presence. It
appears that Equity Bank's business model -- providing
financial services to population segments typically ignored
by traditional commercial banks and generating sustainable
profits in the process -- can be a solution to the financial
access problem that has hindered the development of
inclusive financial sectors in many African countries.
Link permanente para citações:
Bringing Finance to Pakistan's Poor : Access to Finance for Small Enterprises and the Underserved
Fonte: Washington, DC: World Bank
Publicador: Washington, DC: World Bank
Tipo: Publications & Research :: Publication; Publications & Research
Português
Relevância na Pesquisa
66.23%
#Finance#Access to Banking#Access to Finance#access to financial services#Access to Financing#access to formal finance#access to services#accessibility#account holders#agricultural banks#agricultural credit
Access to financing is now widely acknowledged as a path to meaningful economic inclusion and reduction in poverty. Policy efforts to increase access to finance in Pakistan have taken time to bear fruit, but now access is indeed expanding quickly in certain financial sectors (microfinance, remittances), albeit from a very low base. Nevertheless, policy measures cannot single-handedly increase financial access; financial institutions' willingness to expand access in Pakistan has been stinted by slow technologic advances, weak legal foundations, and unsuitable financial processes and products. Poor socioeconomic conditions, gender bias, and low levels of basic education and financial literacy remain barriers, but perhaps the single strongest driver of low demand for financial access has been income. The primary purpose of this study is to measure and describe the state of financial service provision to underserved segments of the market in Pakistan, particularly those with low incomes and small enterprises, and to identify ways to improve investment and create inclusive markets that meet the needs of underserved people and enterprises.
Link permanente para citações:
Cambodia : Study on Access to Financial Services for Small and Medium Agribusiness Enterprises in Cambodia
Fonte: Washington, DC
Publicador: Washington, DC
Tipo: Economic & Sector Work :: Other Financial Sector Study
Português
Relevância na Pesquisa
66.09%
#ACCESS TO CREDIT#ACCESS TO FINANCE#ACCESS TO FINANCIAL SERVICES#ACCOUNT HOLDERS#ACCOUNTING#ACCOUNTING STANDARDS#ACCOUNTING SYSTEMS#ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE#ADVISORY SERVICES#AFFORDABILITY#AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES
Agriculture has been a mainstay of the
Cambodian economy. It has seen significant growth throughout
the 2000s and showed a significant resilience against
external shocks during the 2008-09 economic and financial
crises. Agribusiness enterprises do not operate in isolation
from the rest of the economy. The state of production of
agricultural raw materials, the state of the financial
sector, and the nature of the financial sector's
engagement with the real sector activities, as well as
broader issues that affect private sector development all
impact the development of the agribusiness sector. The
current study seeks to analyze some of these linkages. It
focuses specifically on the role the financial sector has
played in the growth and development of the agribusiness
sector. The study builds on the existing analytical work on
agricultural and small and medium enterprise (SME) finance
in Cambodia. The study was carried out in three major
phases. The first phase was to determine a methodology to
gather new information on linkages between agribusinesses
and financial institutions. The second phase involved a
survey of financial institutions (banks...
Link permanente para citações: