Linked to the quality and productivity issues are requirements of today's world with the construction. Construction processes need to demonstrate their efficiency significantly, dynamic and competence. In a survey conducted by CNI - National Confederation of Industry and the CBIC - Brazilian Chamber of Construction Industry, it was pointed out that the construction companies have difficulties in finding professionals with basic qualifications, such as masons and servants, for example. The low professional qualification in companies working accelerated favoring low productivity. The objective of this study is to analyze the perception of different actors of civil construction in the city of Curitiba - PR with the qualification, aimed at improving the quality and increasing productivity for the development of the building sector. Through literature review and analysis of information from each studied actor, represent the prospects and future vision for the construction industry in the design of each member, their partnerships, interactions and search for job training. The survey results suggest reflection on a new culture of community involvement to tailor the qualification to improve the quality and productivity in the construction sector.; CAPES; Questões vinculadas à qualidade e produtividade são exigências do mundo atual com a construção civil. Os processos construtivos precisam demonstrar de forma expressiva sua eficiência...

This research presents an interdisciplinary approach on issues related to gender and language in the Brazilian press during the 60‘s and 70‘s of last century. The scopes are issues of the magazine Realidade, the main vehicle of Abril publishing house in the period, which had the highest-paid journalists of this related time. The focus is the representation of women in these magazines, a work in two stages, the first analyzes of the covers and then content analysis of an issue seen as paradigmatic within our scope. As a general objective we aim at understanding the representations of women in Realidade consistent with the historical, cultural, political and social period approached. As specific objectives, we have an image analysis through the covers; discuss the male domination and patriarchal society; present the main aspects of the feminist movement in the decades mentioned, and investigate the history of the country and its cultural industry, with more interest in print press. We focus on all more than 120 editions of the magazine released between 1966 and 1976, choosing to image analysis covers all indices containing women, adopting gender like a category of analysis. This methodology was also applied to the analysis of reports...

This research aims to analyze the educational games as a proposed research practice, and assess learning through this instrument in Science Teaching, on the cross-cutting theme Environment, emphasizing the Environmental Education in Elementary Education. Evidence Environmental Education, considering the significant learning, with specific emphasis on the use of educational games. Discusses the teaching of science in Brazil, Environmental Education, the Educational Games, Meaningful Learning, based on the literature relevant to the topic. The research covers a population of 65 students. To collect the data we used questionnaires with open and closed questions for survey of students' prior knowledge (pretest) and posttest. Presents results on the use of educational games in methodological routing significantly in the teaching and learning of Science to facilitate understanding of the content in a motivating and fun way. Demonstrates that the educational game constitutes an important aid for curriculum work for his motivational, challenging and constructive character; can be inserted in the disciplinary planning and used as a pedagogical proposal, it enabled a substantial and relaxed environment with evidence of significant learning. The proposed use of educational games in teaching Science and Environmental Education is formalized based on the findings of the entertaining features of teaching that has produced the material. Thus...

The environment contamination caused by the textile sector has a special meaning due to volumes of wastewater. The biological treatments most commonly used by textile industries are biofilters and activated sludge, both with a high financial cost for industries with chemicals products and the need for sludge disposal. This work studied the viability of treatment of textile effluent´s by MBBR "Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor". This process combines the benefits of treatments mentioned above and at the same time reduces undesirable characteristics of high sludge generation, hydraulic retention time and solids loss. The effluent was characterized as COD, BOD5, spectral area, total suspended solids, volatile suspended solids and toxicity before and after treatment. The treatment of the effluent occurred in different organic loading rates from 0.3 gCOD/L.d up to 9.0 g COD/L.d with 4 stages: adaptation 0.3gCOD/L.d and others 3 stages 1.2gCOD/L, 3.0 gCOD/L and 9.0gCOD/L.d. This reactor was operated for 107 days, reaching 65% removal of COD, 94% of BOD5, 58% of spectral area, 82% of TSS and 87% of toxicity. The results were evaluated by ANOVA with Tukey's test at 0.05 significance level. The calculated kinetics of the process presented consumption specific maximum of substrate of 0...

The glucometer allows the measurement of glycemia to be performed by the user without hindering his daily routine. Two principles are used to measure the level of blood glycemia: photometric and amperometric. On the photometric principle, after biochemical reactions with the sample obtained from capillary venous blood, the glycemia is measured by changing the wavelength of a light beam pattern. On the amperometric principle, after the biochemical reactions with the capillary venous blood sample, intensity of eletric current flowing through the sample can be measured and evaluated, where the intensity of the electric current is proportional to the blood glycemia level. The glucometers available on the market use one of the mentioned principles. Equipment used by biochemical analysis laboratories do make use of the photometric principle with venous blood samples collected from the patient's forearm. This work, approved by the ethics committee, evaluates a set of glycemia measures made by multiple glucometers and laboratory measuring equipment used by clinical laboratories. Presented results demonstrated a strong correlation between glycemia measures obtained from glucometer and equipment used on biochemical analysis laboratories, but with a high rate of systematic and random errors. With the results...

Hypertension is a health condition which often does not present symptoms. It is a condition that affects the population and is responsible for serious implications that end up affecting public health. This work aims to evaluate the reliability of measurements blood pressure and the performance of the automatic handle device, comparing it with the aneroid's meter. The study also provides information for the correct home blood pressure monitoring, reviewing technical aspects for conducting monitoring, and discussing its main clinical applications. The quantitative study approved by the ethics committee, was conducted in the city of Curitiba, Parana’s state. Samples of 52 adult volunteers of both genders were collected. Paired measurements of systolic and diastolic blood pressure obtained with the automatic measuring device and the aneroid device were analyzed using analysis of variance. Measurement data was interpreted with the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and linear regression. As an obtained result, a strong correlation between equipment measurements was noted. According to results of variance analysis the equipments are not statistically different, although linear regression method presented a visible value dispersion.; A hipertensão arterial é um estado patológico que na maioria das vezes não apresenta sintomas...

The release of untreated sewage is a major factor that helps contributing to water pollution. The sewage treatment, if any, in most cases is insufficient for satisfactory removal of pollutants, primarily for compliance with legal standards. Among the many reasons for this inefficiency, it was highlighted the lack of effective composition of raw sewage input and efficiencies of unit processes at different installation sites, with changes in climate, topography, vegetation, among others. As for other activities, projects of stations and selection of wastewater treatment systems include a laborious and time consuming due to the large number of factors that must be considered. The absence of auxiliary systems for decision making on project related to sewage treatment complicates this process. In order to meet this need, this research project proposes to develop a tool of decision making for projects of small WTP's, allowing with a quick query, providing some information about their location and population to be served, identify the processes that best suits to compose the treatment station.; O lançamento de esgoto não tratado é um dos principais fatores que contribuem para a poluição das águas. O tratamento de esgotos, quando existente...

This master's project aims to bring those responsible for the areas of acquisition of Federal Institutions of Higher Education (IFES), especially at the Federal Technological University of Paraná (UTFPR) clarification regarding the current legislation witch ace bids, as well as the proposition their administrators bidding process models in order to standardize them, bringing improvements in their development, reducing costs and eliminating rework. The method adopted in this scientific research was the case study, which involves deep and thorough study of a particular topic, to enable it to meet broadly. The study was also based on desk research of bidding process developed by the Rectory of UTFPR the years 2010 to April 2012, in the technical notes issued by the Legal Department of UTFPR (PROJU), and the findings taken from the portal of the Comptroller General's Office (CGU). As a result of the research were presented legislation and procedures for conducting a bidding, and models, with the requirements and stages of bidding for the modalities of Competitive Bidding, Socket Pricing, Announcement, Electronic Quotation, Unenforceability, Utility , Electronic Trading and Price Registry Act.; Este projeto de mestrado objetiva trazer aos responsáveis pelas áreas de aquisição das Instituições Federais de Ensino Superior (IFES)...

The low quality of milk obtained of family farms needs information and technologies that provide this improvement in the quality of raw material. Given the large number of family farmers in the country, which do not have access to information on production of quality milk, it becomes necessary to develop and implement procedures for qualification in these farms. Therefore, this study uses the methodology of Reference Unit, able to inform and train farmers on the minimum requirements for the production of quality milk. The methodology to evaluate the influence of the qualification process for improving the quality of milk in small farms, the study was divided into three stages: the first was the selection of reference units and its characterization through a questionnaire and analysis of the quality of milk, as fat, protein, lactose, total bacterial count and Somatic Cell Count; and the second step was the implementation of the Reference Units in farms and the transmission of information and technologies through training hygienic -sanitary, and final evaluation of the qualification process through the analysis of indicators of quality of milk, made during the 12 month study. The statistical evaluation of results was done using analysis of variance (ANOVA)...

This thesis presents a theoretical and practical approach about the mediation of technology in teaching and learning of Natural Sciences. This case study was developed with students from four classes ninth year of the Public Elementary School Teacher's Victor Amaral, located in Curitiba – PR. The main objective of this research was to investigate whether the questioning of technologies may provide for the construction of a knowledge for differentiated teaching and learning of Natural Sciences in Elementary Education. It is understood that differentiated knowledge that goes beyond that provided in the curriculum, which is critical, reflexive and contextualized. This qualitative action research followed the stages: application of the initial questionnaire, which proved the necessity of the existence of this research, conducting classes in Physics (Science) with the application of the questionable methodology of Freire through didactic sequences theoretically grounded and a questionnaire end. The technologies were present in the classroom as a teaching resource and learning content aimed collaborate to make students active, critical and reflective in relation to content and technology worked. The methodology used in the teaching sequences and therefore in the classroom...

The emergence of a market economy, has made the social context of agriculture were changed, especially in its forms of organization of work and production. Submission productive market economy determine the diversification strategies of livelihoods in agriculture, family and require efforts to expand the capabilities in pursuit of greater potentiality of living. The market causes deprivation of opportunities that may exacerbate or assist rural poverty situations thus ask: diversification strategies adopted by rural households can reduce vulnerabilities and increase income? From this problem, the following possible answers were sought: (1) Farmers with more concentrated income have lower total income,(2) Farmers pluriativas have higher income farmers monoativas; (3) Farmer with better access to resources livelihoods has higher income. Therefore, the objective of this research is to identify strategies to improve rural income among the cooperative's Rural Credit Cooperative Interaction with Solidarity - CRESOL / Prudentópolis - PR. As a result, it was found that: (1) diversification of livelihoods allows institutions of higher income levels, advancing pluriactivity becomes positive in order to raise revenue, (2) the index of income diversification is not associated with higher levels of income...

In a country where family farming is historically treated as ‘the ugly duckling’, and public policy generally directed to agriculture employer in the production of agricultural commodities it is created by the Federal Government in 2003, the Food Acquisition Program – FAP (PAA), which has embraced as one of its objectives ‘Strengthening Family Farming’. With this idea in mind, the quest about reification of this objective caused the interest in seeking data that could contribute to the understanding of the way the FAP (PAA) reaches the farmers, both in economic and social context. Thus, searching for an answer about what is the program role on strengthening family farming and considering that the strengthening of agriculture also occurs according to extensive bibliography already produced from the organization of farmers into associations and cooperatives, a case study was conducted at the Family Farming Cooperative Integrated - Coopafi – Capanema, it was chosen for being result of the first marketing cooperative of family farms in the Southwest Region of Paraná, Cooperfac - Family Agriculture Cooperative of Capanema. In this sense the dissertation discusses how marketing strategies of family farming emerge in the markets...

Mobile robot applications that involve automated exploration and inspection of environments are often dependant on novelty detection, the ability to differentiate between common and uncommon perceptions. Because novelty can be anything that deviates from the normal context, we argue that in order to implement a novelty filter it is necessary to exploit the robot's sensory data from the ground up, building models of normality rather than abnormality. In this work we use unrestricted colour visual data as perceptual input to on-line incremental learning algorithms. Unlike other sensor modalities, vision can provide a variety of useful information about the environment through massive amounts of data, which often need to be reduced for realtime operation. Here we use mechanisms of visual attention to select candidate image regions to be encoded and fed to higher levels of processing, enabling the localisation of novel features within the input image frame. An extensive series of experiments using visual input, obtained by a real mobile robot interacting with laboratory and medium-scale real world environments, are used to discuss different visual novelty filter configurations. We compare performance and functionality of novelty detection mechanisms based on the Grow-When-Required neural network and incremental Principal Component Analysis. Results are assessed using both qualitative and quantitative methods...

The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of different concentrations of crude ethanol extracts (EET) and dichloromethanic (EDC) of antimalarial medicinal species Bidens pilosa L. (beggartick), Phyllanthus niruri L. (shatter stone), Petiveria alliacea L. (guinea) and Senna hirsuta L. (sicklepod) on germination (GER), mean germination time (TMG), mean speed of germination (VMG), radicle (RAD) and hypocotyls (HIP) of Lactuca sativa L. (lettuce) and Ipomoea grandifolia (Dammer) O'Donel (rope-glory). The experimental design was completely randomized, distributed in a factorial (species antimalarial vs. extractor vs. concentration). Bioassays were performed with four replicates of 25 seeds for germination tests, and 10 pre-germinated seeds for the growth bioassays. Germinated seeds were counted daily for obtaining the TMG and VMG while GER, DAR and HIP were measured after 144 hours of application of the extracts. In parallel to the study of allelopathic activity aimed also to examine the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of EET and EDC of four malarial species used in bioassays, as well as the species Quassia amara L. (quássia amarga). Analyses antioxidants were performed through three different methodologies, namely: scavenging of ABTS•+...

This study is characterized as a research on engineering courses. The hypothesis presented in this study is that as the majority of professors of Engineering courses in the city of Curitiba are composed of men and the minority is composed of women, there is a characteristic profille on gender relations among male and female professors, male and female pupils in the courses of engineering analyzed. The main objective of the research was to analyze gender issues in the teaching of engineering courses, we studied the following aspects: (I) to identify the quantitative distribution of gender in the teaching of engineering courses at the Catholic University of Paraná (PUC/PR), Tuiuti University of Paraná (UTP), Technological University Federal do Paraná (UTFPR) and the Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), (II) the interpretation of gender issues among professors (women and men) of the Industrial Engineering Wood Course of UFPR and the Computational Engineering Course of UTFPR (III) analysis the perception of these professors about their pupils (men and women), from the gender perspective. In this study, we adopetd the qualitative research methodology, which is classified into two stages, one quantitative and another qualitative. The field research of this study was done by means of semi-structured interviews applied to 5 women professors and 11 men professors of the courses mentioned above. At the end of this study...

Spontaneous occurence of alexandergrass (Urochloa (Syn. Brachiaria) plantaginea) is observed in southern Brazil in the summer. This plant is considered a weed, although it has great potential forage. However, its use as pasture is still little studied, especially in the crop-livestock integration system. This study was performed to evaluate the effect of sward management heights of alexandergrass pasture, with and without cattle trampling, on soil physical and chemical properties, and microbial activity. The study was conducted at the IAPAR Experimental Station, at Pato Branco, Paraná, Brazil. The experimental design was randomized blocks with three replications. The treatments were arranged in a factorial split-plot during the grazing period. The plots received levels of the factor sward management heights of alexander (0.10, 0.20, 0.30 and 0.40 m), while the subplots were established in areas with (grazed by goats) and without cattle trampling (manual cutting). In winter, in succession to grazing, cultivation of wheat was implemented, only in the subplots that have received animal trampling. Have been evaluated the soil bulk density, porosity, macro and microporosity, and soil penetration resistance; the levels of soil organic matter...

The sunflower (Helianthus annuus) is a vegetal species of great commercial interest and it's known for presenting elevated allelochemical production, being itself a source of sesquiterpens and other compounds of recognized biological activity.This project proposes to evaluate the allelopathic effect of the sunflower culture. The first experiment evaluated, through the relay seeding technique, the allelopathic effect of the sunflower culture upon different species of both weed and cultivated plants.The second experiment sought to evaluate the differential capacity of 23 sunflower genotypes in the development of Bidens spp. plants, using the relay seeding technique. The third experiment carried out at a greenhouse evaluated the allelopathical potential of the mulching in different levels: 0, 1.649, 3.298, 6.596 e 13.192 Kg.ha-1 of fodder upon the soil. The fourth experiment (3x5x2) made use of three sunflower genotypes, distributed in five time intervals of mulching upon the soil (60, 30, 15, 10 and 5 days before the seeding of the receptive species, Bidens spp., being two of the mulching levels upon the soil: 3.298 e 13.192 Kg.ha-1. It has also counted with an untreated, soil that didn't receive any mulching. The first experiment, conducted in the laboratory...

The bacterioses of peach caused by Xanthomonas arboricola pv. pruni is an of the majors diseases of the peach orchard in Brazil and in the most of producing regions of the world. The use of resistant cultivars is a tool to reduce disease progresses in commercial orchards. This work aimed to evaluate and classify peaches genotypes which the sensitivity to Xanthomonas arboricola pv. pruni. Thus, three experiments were performed to evaluate the reaction of genotypes of peach in different situations. In the experiment under natural conditions, it was evaluated the incidence, severity and defoliation caused by bacterial spot. The genotypes showed different levels of sensitivity, and the genotypes Conserva 985, Conserva 1129, Conserva 871 and 'Tropic Snow' were the most resistant, while ‘Bonão’, Conserva 1125, 'Atenas' and Conserva 1153 was the most susceptible ones. In laboratory, it was evaluated the severity of bacterial spot in detached peach leaf, inoculated with Xanthomonas arboricola pv. pruni in eight genotypes of peach, selected in the experiment under natural conditions. It was measured the activated of some biochemical compounds related to the pathogenesis in two resistant genotypes and two susceptible ones. Based on the results...

The brown rot caused by the fungus Monilinia fructicola (Wint.) Honey, is the main disease in stone fruit trees (Prunus spp.). It can be found in almost all fruit orchards, causing severe losses to fruit growers. The main symptoms of this disease are the blossom blight, twig cankers and necrosis and, fruits rot. Thus, the economic losses of brown rot may occur since flowering, extending to the pre-and post-harvest fruit phases. The aim of this study were (i) to test the brown rot reaction of different peach genotypes, identifying the resistant or tolerant ones to brown rot on flowers, (ii) to identify resistance and/or tolerance sources to this fruit disease and (iii) to identify resistance mechanisms associated with the physical, chemical and biochemical characteristics in peach fruits, iv) to identify superior genotypes for biochemical characteristics; v) to study the genetic divergence of peach genotypes on the UTFPR collection. The work was carried out at Laboratório de Fitossanidade, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR) – Campi Dois Vizinhos and Pato Branco, in the 2009/2010 and 2010/2011 production cycles. The genotypes analyzed were the peach collection of the UTFPR, in Pato Branco, PR. Five and 16 genotypes were tested in the first and second cycles...

Digital videos have become the most used way to communicate, however these data are easily copied and distributed. That happen due the growing number of tools that are create with this goal, causing breach of copyright and illegal distribution of content. The most studied solution that can solve this problem are the digital watermarks that provide security like authentication and tamper detection. In this work, we developed a new method of embedding and extracting watermarks in a video using a process called side view. This process allows watermark a block of frames. The several watermarks embedded can be used like redundance to grow the robustness of the method against attacks. The tests followed the standard benchmarks Vidmark and Stirmark that show the performance of the method in keep the watermark even after attacks.; CAPES; Vídeos digitais se tornaram uma forma de comunicação altamente utilizada na rede, entretanto estes dados são facilmente copiados e distribuídos. Isto se deve ao crescente número de ferramentas que surgiram com este objetivo, causando quebra dos direitos autorais e distribuição ilegal de conteúdo. A solução mais estudada para este problema são as marcas d'água digitais, que provêm segurança em forma de autenticação e verificação de violação. Neste trabalho...