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Bolsas de estudo no ensino fundamental privado, entre a universalidade de direito à educação e o clientelismo na educação: o caso de Nova Iguaçu/RJ; State-funded grants for private schools in compulsory education, between the universal right to education and clientelism in education: the case of the municipality of Nova Iguaçu, in the State of Rio de Janeiro
Fonte: Biblioteca Digitais de Teses e Dissertações da USP
Publicador: Biblioteca Digitais de Teses e Dissertações da USP
Tipo: Tese de Doutorado
Formato: application/pdf
Publicado em 16/04/2010
Português
Relevância na Pesquisa
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#clientelism#clientelismo#compulsory education#control#controle social#direito subjetivo#ensino fundamental#privado#private#public#público
A bolsa de estudo para o ensino fundamental privado, financiada com recursos da educação pública, está prevista na CF/88 e na LDB/96 em caráter excepcional para atender ao direito público subjetivo de acesso ao ensino fundamental. Trata-se de uma excepcionalidade, pois a Lei permite o uso deste instituto sob três condições: quando não houver vaga na escola pública próxima à residência da criança, quando a criança não possuir recursos para financiar o próprio estudo em escola privada, e como conseqüência, o poder público obrigado a investir prioritariamente na solução da falta de vagas na local de moradia do aluno bolsista. Em resumo a bolsa deve ser transitória. A pesquisa tomou o caso de Nova Iguaçu/RJ, centrandose nos anos de 1997 a 2008, no entanto, mostrou que esse Município tem concedido bolsas de estudo de forma recorrente desde, no mínimo 1990, e no mesmo lugar e a crianças não necessariamente carentes, pois a maior parte delas já estava na escola quando receberam bolsa. O que caracteriza a sua ilegalidade, a sua inconstitucionalidade. A pesquisa objetivou entender a natureza da política de concessão de bolsas no âmbito deste Município. A hipótese de que a concessão de bolsas, mais do que uma resposta ao direito público subjetivo...
Link permanente para citações:
Rethinking School Health : A Key Component of Education for All
Fonte: World Bank
Publicador: World Bank
Português
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#ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT#ACCESS TO EDUCATION#ADEQUATE CLASSROOMS#ADOLESCENTS#ADULTS#AGE GROUPS#AIDS EPIDEMIC#ANEMIA#ARI#BARRIERS TO EDUCATION#BASIC LEARNING
Education is one of the most important
drivers of the development of individuals and societies. It
not only has powerful implications for the creation of human
capacity, but also helps people realize their full potential
and expand their connections with the world. Economic
analyses repeatedly demonstrate that education gives a high
economic return within the life - span of an individual and
is a key factor underlying the economic growth of nations.
Viewed from these perspectives, the decision at the turn of
the millennium of governments and development partners to
pursue the goal of Education for All (EFA) was not only an
important contribution to one sector, but the launch of an
endeavor with major implications for the future of humanity.
The early perception of the goal of EFA was that all
children should have access to education-every child should
be able to exercise the right to go to school. This limited
goal soon broadened to address the quality of the education
that a child received at school and the factors that ensured
the child was able to stay in school long enough to learn
enough. These additional objectives have expanded the goal
of EFA...
Link permanente para citações:
The Evolving Regulatory Context for Private Education in Emerging Economies : Discussion Paper and Case Studies
Fonte: Washington, DC : World Bank
Publicador: Washington, DC : World Bank
Português
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#ABLE STUDENTS#ACADEMIC PROGRAMS#ACADEMIC STAFF#ACADEMIC YEAR#ACCESS TO CAPITAL#ACCESS TO EDUCATION#ACCREDITATION#ACCREDITATION SYSTEMS#ASSESSMENT METHODS#BACKGROUND PAPERS#BASIC EDUCATION
The approach to regulating private
sector education is as unique as the countries in which the
institutions are located. Governments are under considerable
pressure as they endeavor to meet access to education
targets at all levels, from basic to tertiary. Increasingly,
governments are recognizing that they are unable to meet
these demands without investment from private providers and
thus are eager to ensure that providers and investors are of
the highest possible quality. Many governments are
endeavoring to determine the most appropriate policy
framework that will enable the private sector to contribute
to national education goals. Regulation of private education
is an issue of critical importance for all stakeholders
involved: government, providers, investors, parents, and
students. How the government frames its regulatory policies
will determine the ease, or difficulty, for private
providers to enter the market. At their best, regulations
can be welcome guidelines to enable quality providers to
understand the requirements for working in a given
jurisdiction. When regulations are transparent and
appropriately applied...
Link permanente para citações:
Education for All : The Cost of Accessibility
Fonte: World Bank, Washington, DC
Publicador: World Bank, Washington, DC
Português
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#ACCESS TO EDUCATION#ACCESS TO PRIMARY EDUCATION#ACCESSIBILITY#ACCESSIBILITY TO SCHOOLS#ACCIDENTS#BRIDGE#CHILDREN WITH DISABILITIES#CITIZENS#CLASSROOM#CLASSROOM BUILDING#CLASSROOMS
The goal of Education for All (EFA) is
to provide universal access to primary education throughout
the world. To accomplish this goal, as many as 10 million
classrooms will be built in developing countries by 2015. A
key objective of the program is to ensure that no child is
denied access to education because of disability. Access to
all schools is necessary to ensure that children with
disabilities can participate independently in a mainstreamed
environment since most villages will have only one school
building. The related construction costs, if any, are not a
barrier to providing access and are insignificant when
compared to the benefits. Children who are educated with
their peers have greater opportunities to become productive
members of their societies and be more integrated socially
in their communities.
Link permanente para citações:
Republic of Madagascar : Mitigating the Impact of the Crisis on Education
Fonte: Washington, DC
Publicador: Washington, DC
Português
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77.687695%
#ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE#ACADEMIC YEAR#ACCESS TO EDUCATION#ACCESS TO SCHOOLING#ACCESS TO SCHOOLS#ACCOMPANIMENT OF CHILDREN#ACHIEVEMENT#ADOLESCENTS#ADULT LITERACY#AGE GROUP#ATTENDANCE RATE
This report reviews the tools and
mechanisms which could contribute to offsetting the negative
effects of the current crisis on primary school outcomes in
Madagascar. In a context of rapid deterioration of key
education indicators, including enrollment and survival, key
education stakeholders are faced with the challenging task
of identifying tools and mechanisms that may contribute to
rapidly restoring access to education. While a variety of
programs have been implemented in the past, limited evidence
exists on their potential impact on key factors influencing
school outcomes. In addition, given the limited domestic and
international resources at the disposal of policy-makers,
priorities need to be established that will focus on the
most urgent and important aspects of the current situation.
This report aims at providing key stakeholders in the sector
with information on existing tools and mechanisms that could
potentially be used to put a halt to the rapid decline of
the sectors. The analysis also identifies interventions with
a strong potential to offset the effects of the crisis over
the short and medium term.
Link permanente para citações:
ICTs for Education in Africa
Fonte: World Bank, Washington, DC
Publicador: World Bank, Washington, DC
Português
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#ACCESS TO EDUCATION#ACCESS TO INFORMATION#ACCESS TO LEARNING#ACCESS TO SCHOOLS#ACHIEVEMENTS#BANDWIDTH#BARRIERS TO ENTRY#BASIC EDUCATION#BASIC EDUCATION PROJECT#BEST PRACTICE#BLOG
The future development of Africa and its
participation in the knowledge society will be greatly
influenced by how Africa manages to deliver quality
education to its citizens. Education forms the basis for
developing innovation, science, and technology, in order to
harness resources, industrialize, and participate in the
global knowledge economy and for Africa to take its rightful
place in the global community. While information and
communication technology (ICT) has been used in many parts
of the world to improve the quality and increase access to
education, most African countries still face the challenge
that increased expenditure on education is not necessarily
achieving the expected benefits. This report examines the
potential for the use of ICT to support improvement and
transformation of the education sector in Africa, including
brief case studies of South Africa, Uganda, and Senegal. It
identifies specific opportunities and challenges, and
recommends areas of intervention for governments,
development partners...
Link permanente para citações:
Egypt : Inequality of Opportunity in Education
Fonte: World Bank Group, Washington, DC
Publicador: World Bank Group, Washington, DC
Português
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#ACCESS TO EDUCATION#ACCESS TO HIGHER EDUCATION#ACHIEVEMENT TESTS#ADMISSION CRITERIA#ATTITUDES TOWARD GIRLS#AVAILABILITY OF SCHOOLS#AVERAGE SCORE#BASIC EDUCATION#BIRTH CERTIFICATE#BOOKS AT HOME#COGNITIVE TEST
The paper examines the levels and trends
in access to education and educational outcomes across
generations of Egyptian youth. Examination of three cohorts
of individuals aged 21 to 24 (born between 1964 and 1967,
1974 and 1977, and 1982 and 1985) shows that access to
education has substantially improved during the last three
decades. Completion rates increased by more than 60 percent
at the preparatory level and 70 percent at the secondary
level and the college completion rate more than doubled.
However, significant inequities remain in access to
education and educational outcomes. The fraction of never
enrolled among the cohorts is still large, affecting more
girls than boys, more rural than urban areas, and more
children of parents with lower level of education and in
elementary occupations, such as subsistence agriculture. The
analysis of test-scores from the Trends in International
Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) and national
examinations shows that more than a quarter of learning
outcome inequality is attributable to circumstances beyond
the control of a student...
Link permanente para citações:
Investing in People to Fight Poverty in Haiti : Reflections for Evidence-based Policy Making
Fonte: World Bank, Washington, DC
Publicador: World Bank, Washington, DC
Português
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#ABSOLUTE TERMS#ACCESS TO ASSETS#ACCESS TO EDUCATION#ACCESS TO HEALTH CARE#ACCESS TO HEALTH SERVICES#ACCESS TO MARKETS#ACCESS TO SERVICES#ACCOUNTABILITY OF SERVICE PROVIDERS#AGRICULTURAL EXPORTS#AGRICULTURAL INPUTS#AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION
Despite a decline in both monetary and
multidimensional poverty rates since 2000, Haiti remains
among the poorest and most unequal countries in Latin
America. Two years after the 2010 earthquake, poverty was
still high, particularly in rural areas. This report
establishes that in 2012 more than one in two Haitians was
poor, living on less than $ 2.41 a day, and one person in
four was living below the national extreme poverty line of
$1.23 a day. Extreme poverty declined from 31 to 24 percent
between 2000 and 2012, and there have been some gains in
access to education and sanitation, although access to basic
services is generally low and is characterized by important
inequalities. Urban areas have fared relatively better than
rural areas, reflecting more nonagricultural employment
opportunities, larger private transfers, more access to
critical goods, and services and narrowing inequality
compared to rural areas. Continued advances in reducing both
extreme and moderate poverty will require greater, more
broad-based growth...
Link permanente para citações:
Women Managers and the Gender-Based Gap in Access to Education
Fonte: World Bank, Washington, DC
Publicador: World Bank, Washington, DC
Tipo: Trabalho em Andamento
Português
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#EMPOWERMENT#WOMEN LEADERS#ECONOMIC GROWTH#GENDER INEQUALITY#PEOPLE#EMPOWERMENT OF WOMEN#OPPORTUNITIES FOR WOMEN#SCHOOLING#RICHER COUNTRIES#ENROLLMENT#BIAS
Several studies explore the differences
in men’s and women’s labor market participation rates and
wages. Some of these differences have been linked to gender
disparities in education attainment and access. The present
paper contributes to this literature by analyzing the
relationship between the proclivity of a firm to have a
female top manager and access to education among women
relative to men in the country. The paper combines the
literature on women’s careers in management, which has
mostly focused on developed countries, with the development
literature that has emphasized the importance of access to
education. Using firm-level data for 73 developing
countries, the analysis finds strong evidence that countries
with a higher proportion of female top managers also have
higher enrollment rates for women relative to men in
primary, secondary, and tertiary education.
Link permanente para citações:
Arab Republic of Egypt - Inequality of Opportunity in Access to Basic Services among Egyptian Children
Fonte: Washington, DC
Publicador: Washington, DC
Tipo: Economic & Sector Work :: Policy Note; Economic & Sector Work
Português
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#ACCESS TO EDUCATION#ACCESS TO HEALTH CARE#ACCESS TO HEALTH SERVICES#ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE#ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME#ACUTE MALNUTRITION#ADEQUATE NUTRITION#AGED#ANEMIA#ANTENATAL CARE#ARI
Egypt's children and youth,
representing more than one-third of the country´s population
and its future, face several significant challenges, as
shown by higher child poverty rates and unequal access to
basic services. The objective of this report is three-fold:
(i) to analyze the extent of inequality of opportunity among
Egyptian children; (ii) to inform government policy on how
success in life is influenced by factors predetermined at
birth; and (iii) to identify policies and interventions that
may contribute to improving equality of opportunity. The
underlying premise is that ensuring equality of opportunity
entails leveling the playing field in such a way that every
child, regardless of the circumstances of his/her birth,
will have an equal chance to succeed in life. This report
analyzes the extent of provision of equal access to basic
opportunities to all children (including healthcare,
education, clean water and sanitation), and identifies the
main circumstances that affect it and therefore determine
human development outcomes. The analysis in this report
builds on the concepts and ideas developed in the World
Development Report (WDR). The findings are aimed at
supporting debates and discussions...
Link permanente para citações:
Improving the Quality and Equity of Basic Education In Turkey : Challenges and Options
Fonte: Washington, DC
Publicador: Washington, DC
Tipo: Economic & Sector Work :: Policy Note; Economic & Sector Work
Português
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#ABSENTEEISM#ACADEMIC SELECTIVITY#ACCESS TO EDUCATION#ACCESS TO PRIMARY EDUCATION#ACHIEVEMENT TESTS#BASIC EDUCATION#CAREER#CAREER CHOICE#CAREERS#CHILD CARE#CHILD EDUCATION
Providing education for all has been a
core objective of many governments since the launch of the
Millennium Development Goals a decade ago. Basic education
is the foundation of education and learning and, as such, is
the point where Turkey started its push for education for
all. This policy note is designed as an input for the
discussion among stakeholders in Turkey on how to improve
the quality and equity of basic education. The document
provides an analysis and benchmarking of the performance of
basic education in Turkey in each of these areas along with
international evidence and a discussion of specific policy
options. Although Turkey has significantly expanded access
to education in the last decade, important challenges await
on two interrelated fronts: quality and equity.
Turkey's educational system is currently of low quality
relative to the growth and competitiveness ambitions of the
country and is also significantly more inequitable than
other Organization for Economic Co-Operation and
Development...
Link permanente para citações:
Students Today, Teachers Tomorrow? Identifying Constraints on the Provision of Education
Fonte: Banco Mundial
Publicador: Banco Mundial
Tipo: Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper
Português
Relevância na Pesquisa
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#ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT#ACCESS TO EDUCATION#ADULT LITERACY#AFFORDABLE EDUCATION#ALTERNATIVE SCHOOLING#APTITUDE#AVERAGE TREATMENT EFFECT#BINDING#CATHOLIC SCHOOLS#CLASS SIZE#CLASS-SIZE
With an estimated 115 million children
not attending primary school in the developing world,
increasing access to education is critical. Resource
constraints limit the effectiveness of demand-based
subsidies. This paper focuses on the importance of a
supply-side factor -- the availability of low-cost teachers
-- and the resulting ability of the market to offer
affordable education. The authors first show that private
schools are three times more likely to emerge in villages
with government girls' secondary schools (GSS).
Identification is obtained by using official school
construction guidelines as an instrument for the presence of
GSS. In contrast, there is little or no relationship between
the presence of a private school and girls' primary or
boys' primary and secondary government schools. In
support of a supply-channel, the authors then show that, for
villages that received a GSS, there are over twice as many
educated women and that private school teachers' wages
are 27 percent lower in these villages. In an environment
with poor female education and low mobility...
Link permanente para citações:
Education in Rwanda : Rebalancing Resources to Accelerate Post-Conflict Development and Poverty Reduction
Fonte: Washington, DC
Publicador: Washington, DC
Tipo: Publications & Research :: Publication; Publications & Research :: Publication
Português
Relevância na Pesquisa
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#ADDITION#ADDITIONAL RESOURCES#ADMINISTRATIVE DATA#BASIC EDUCATION#BASIC SKILLS#BIOLOGICAL PARENTS#CALL#CLASSROOMS#COMPOSITION#COUNTRY STUDIES#DEVELOPMENT GOALS
Rwanda's recent history was marred
by genocide in 1994, in which at least ten percent of the
population lost their lives. Rebuilding the stock of human
capital is an important part of the rehabilitation process,
where the government has made efforts to broaden access to
education, and enhance the quality of services. On the
international stage, the education sector has also come into
the limelight, specifically under the 2000 United Nations
Millennium Declaration, and, the foregoing context presents
clear challenges for education managers. The purpose of this
report is to provide a factual basis for discussion.
Noteworthy are the efforts to reduce grade repetition in
primary education; and similarly, reforms in higher
education finance have been launched to reduce the cost of
government-sponsored overseas studies. The report is
addressed to Rwanda's policymakers in the education
sector, as well as to education practitioners, and should
also be of interest to policymakers in other parts of the
government...
Link permanente para citações:
Eritrea - Health and Education Sectors : Public Expenditure Review
Fonte: Washington, DC
Publicador: Washington, DC
Tipo: Economic & Sector Work :: Public Expenditure Review; Economic & Sector Work
Português
Relevância na Pesquisa
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#ACCESS RATE#ACCESS TO EDUCATION#ACCESS TO SCHOOLS#ADULT EDUCATION#ADULT EDUCATION PROGRAM#ADULT ILLITERACY#ADULT ILLITERACY RATES#ADULT LEARNERS#ADULT LITERACY#ADULT LITERACY PROGRAMS#ADULTS
Eritrea is one of the poorest countries
in the world, with an average annual per capita income of
US$ 200 in 2006, and ranks 157th out of 177 countries in the
2005 human development index. Rain-fed agriculture, the
predominant economic activity for more than half the
population, is a very risky enterprise and food security
remains one of the government's main concerns. Given
the security situation the government is concerned about
fiscal transparency for national security reasons, but has
provided access to fiscal data for a review of the education
and health sectors. There have been significant improvements
in access to education since independence, and improving the
skills of the labor force remains critical for
Eritrea's long term development. Eritrea's public
resource allocation to education has increased rapidly and
at 6.7 percent of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in 2005 is
slightly higher than many countries in the Africa Region.
There has been a rapid expansion in tertiary education
following investments in 2005 to provide an additional five
colleges. The general health status of Eritrea has greatly
improved since independence.
Link permanente para citações:
Infrastructure Gap in South Asia : Inequality of Access to Infrastructure Services
Fonte: World Bank Group, Washington, DC
Publicador: World Bank Group, Washington, DC
Tipo: Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper; Publications & Research
Português
Relevância na Pesquisa
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#ACCESS INDICATORS#ACCESS TO EDUCATION#ACCESS TO ELECTRICITY#ACCESS TO INFORMATION#ACCESS TO INFRASTRUCTURE#ACCESS TO INFRASTRUCTURE SERVICES#ACCESS TO PRIMARY EDUCATION#ACCESS TO SANITATION#ACCESS TO SANITATION FACILITIES#ACCESS TO SERVICES#ADMINISTRATIVE REGIONS
The South Asia region is home to the
largest pool of individuals living under the poverty line,
coupled with a fast-growing population. The importance of
access to basic infrastructure services on welfare and the
quality of life is clear. Yet the South Asia region's
rates of access to infrastructure (sanitation, electricity,
telecom, and transport) are closer to those of Sub-Saharan
Africa, the one exception being water, where the South Asia
region is comparable to East Asia and the pacific and Latin
America and the Caribbean. The challenge of increasing
access to these services across the South Asia region is
compounded by the unequal distribution of existing access
for households. This study improves understanding of this
inequality by evaluating access across the region's
physical (location), poverty, and income considerations. The
paper also analyzes inequality of access across time, that
is, across generations. It finds that while the regressivity
of infrastructure services is clearly present in South Asia,
the story that emerges is heterogeneous and complex. There
is no simple explanation for these inequalities...
Link permanente para citações:
Do Grants to Communities Lead to Better Health and Education?
Fonte: Washington, DC
Publicador: Washington, DC
Tipo: Publications & Research :: Brief; Publications & Research
Português
Relevância na Pesquisa
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#ACCESS TO EDUCATION#ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE#AGED#ATTENDANCE RATE#CLASSROOMS#COMMUNITIES#COMMUNITY GROUPS#DISTRICTS#EDUCATION GOALS#EDUCATION PROVIDERS#EDUCATION SERVICES
Indonesia, like many middle income
countries, has difficulty providing universal access to
education and adequate access to healthcare, particularly in
poor and rural areas. To tackle these problems, the
Government of Indonesia launched two large-scale programs in
2007. The programs both relied on cash transfers, but one
targeted households and one targeted communities. In both
cases, the transfers were designed to encourage families to
meet basic health and education indicators, including
prenatal visits for pregnant women, childhood immunization,
regular weight monitoring, and school attendance. To push
communities to focus on the most effective policies, a
portion of subsequent year grants is based on how well
communities do in meeting the previous year's health
and education targets. In this way, the program takes
aspects of conditional cash transfer and pay-for-performance
programs and reformulates them to encourage community-wide
performance and accountability. In order to test the
effectiveness of linking grants to the previous year's
performance...
Link permanente para citações:
FYR Macedonia Gender Diagnostic : Gaps in Endowments, Access to Economic Opportunities and Agency
Fonte: Washington, DC
Publicador: Washington, DC
Tipo: Economic & Sector Work :: Country Gender Assessment (CGA); Economic & Sector Work
Português
Relevância na Pesquisa
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#ABORTION#ABORTION RATE#ACCESS TO CREDIT#ACCESS TO EDUCATION#ACCESS TO FINANCE#ACCESS TO NETWORKS#ACCESS TO SAVINGS#ADOLESCENT FERTILITY#AGING WOMEN#ASSET ACCUMULATION#ASSISTANCE TO VICTIMS
Former Yugoslav Republic (FYR) of
Macedonia has closed several gaps in gender inequalities,
particularly in education and health, but key disparities
persist in access to economic opportunities and agency,
particularly among certain ethnic groups. This report
provides an overview of gender disparities in several
outcomes related to human and physical endowments, access to
economic opportunities, and agency. In addition, it offers
potential explanations of these gaps and, in the process,
identifies knowledge gaps to be addressed in future
research. On average, FYR Macedonia has achieved gender
equality in health and in education; however, gender
disparities persist for certain population subgroups.
However, women are more likely than men to choose general
programs or social sciences as their primary field of
education. Both men and women are unlikely to undertake
additional training following their initial education, but
each for different reasons: women are more likely than men
to cite family obligations as a key factor in this decision
(19 percent of women compared to 1.5 percent of men) as
women devote a much larger percentage of their time to
domestic activities. In addition...
Link permanente para citações:
Moldova : Gender Disparities in Endowments and Access to Economic Opportunities
Fonte: Washington, DC
Publicador: Washington, DC
Tipo: Economic & Sector Work :: Country Gender Assessment (CGA); Economic & Sector Work
Português
Relevância na Pesquisa
77.504443%
#ABORTION#ABUSE#ACCESS TO EDUCATION#ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME#ADEQUATE EDUCATION#ADOLESCENT FERTILITY#ADULT LITERACY#ALCOHOL ABUSE#ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION#ALCOHOLISM#ARMED CONFLICTS
This assessment provides a broad picture
of gender disparities in Moldova in agency, education,
health, and access to economic opportunities. The gender gap
in education is small, yet it is greatest at higher levels
of education. Moldova's health indicators are
significantly underperforming compared to other Europe and
Central Asia (ECA) countries, and male mortality is of
greatest concern. Violence against women is one of the most
frequent forms of human rights violations and is widely
accepted by both women and men. Male and female labor force
participation rates are low, and the gender gap is small.
Moldova has one of the highest rates of human trafficking
among neighboring countries and is primarily a source
country. This paper is structured as follows: chapter one
discusses factors which may shape the process of how men and
women use their endowments and utilize economic
opportunities. Chapter two covers human development
disaggregated by gender, focusing on education and health.
Chapter three examines the gender gap in employment and
opportunities...
Link permanente para citações:
The Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution, Disruptions to Education, and Returns to Schooling in Urban China
Fonte: World Bank, Washington, DC
Publicador: World Bank, Washington, DC
Tipo: Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper; Publications & Research
Português
Relevância na Pesquisa
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#ABILITY OF STUDENTS#ACCESS TO EDUCATION#ACCESS TO HIGHER EDUCATION#ADULTS#AGE COHORT#AVERAGE EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT#AVERAGE TREATMENT EFFECT#CAREER#CAREER PATHS#CITIZENS#COLLEGE ADMISSIONS
In determining whether a country's
higher education system should be expanded, it is important
for policymakers first to determine the extent to which high
private returns to post-secondary education are an
indication of the scarcity of graduates instead of the high
unobserved ability of students who choose to attend
post-secondary education. To this end, the paper identifies
the returns to schooling in urban China using
individual-level variation in educational attainment caused
by exogenous city-wide disruptions to education during the
Cultural Revolution from 1966 to 1976. For city-cohorts who
experienced greater disruptions, children's educational
attainment became less correlated with that of their fathers
and more influenced by whether their fathers held
administrative positions. The analysis calculates returns to
college education using data from the China Urban Labor
Survey conducted in five large cities in 2001. The results
are consistent with the selection of high-ability students
into higher education. The analysis also demonstrates that
these results are unlikely to be driven by sample selection
bias associated with migration...
Link permanente para citações:
Educación superior sin barreras: la accesibilidad de las universidades para los estudiantes con discapacidad; Higher education without barriers: university access for students with disabilities
Fonte: Faculty of Education, Queen's University
Publicador: Faculty of Education, Queen's University
Tipo: Artigo de Revista Científica
Formato: 173173 bytes; application/pdf
Português
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#Information and communication technologies#Students#Access to education#Disability#Higher education#Information society#Universities
Higher Education institutions have developed online information services and degrees as an echo of the Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) incidence in all society fields. Equal access to education is a fundamental right; but equal access to higher education for people with disabilities is far from being achieved yet. To this inequality has to be added the difficulty of some groups to participate in the information society, the so called infoexclusion. The short number of students with disabilities in higher education makes evident the presence of barriers for this people to get into this educational level. One of them is the low degree of accessibility to digital services and studies offered by the Universities, something that can be considered a new kind of segregation.
Link permanente para citações: